Повторение основ:
Мы уже знаем, что конструкция There is/There are используется для указания на существование или наличие чего-либо где-либо. На втором уровне мы углубимся в тонкости и расширим возможности использования этой конструкции.
Когда первый предмет единственного числа:
There is a book and three pens on the table.There is a teacher and 20 students in the classroom.Правило: Глагол согласуется с первым предметом в списке.
С неисчисляемыми существительными:
There is some hope.There is a lot of information.There is enough time.Всегда: There is + неисчисляемое
People, police, family, team
There are many people in the park.There is a large family living next door.There are police at the door.People, police — всегда множественное!
There are several books on the shelf.There are a few apples left.There are a number of problems to solve.There are dozens of students waiting.Другие варианты:
many, several, a few, a couple of,
a number of, dozens of, hundreds of
There is a little milk in the fridge.There is a great deal of work to do.There is plenty of time.There is a large amount of information.Другие варианты:
much, a little, a bit of,
a great deal of, plenty of,
a large amount of
There was / There were
There was a storm yesterday.There were many people at the concert.Was there any problem?There wasn't enough time.Сокращения:
There was not → There wasn't
There were not → There weren't
There will be / There is going to be
There will be a meeting tomorrow.There is going to be a party on Saturday.Will there be any questions?There won't be enough seats.Сокращения:
There will be → There'll be
There will not → There won't be
There has been / There have been
There has been an accident.There have been many changes.Has there been any news?There hasn't been any rain for weeks.Используем: для событий,
которые произошли недавно
или имеют значение сейчас
There is a man who wants to see you.There are many reasons why we should do it.There is something that I need to tell you.There is no one who can help us.Структура:
There is/are + существительное +
which/who/that + придаточное
There is a lot to do today.There is no point in arguing.There is no use crying over spilt milk.There is nothing to worry about.Устойчивые выражения:
There is no point in...
There is no use...
There is nothing to...
Really, actually, certainly
There is really no difference.There are actually three solutions.There will certainly be consequences.Другие усилители:
definitely, absolutely, obviously,
clearly, undoubtedly
Only, just, hardly, barely
There is only one way out.There are just a few minutes left.There is hardly any time.Смысл: подчеркивают
ограниченность количества
или возможности
❌ There is a lot of problems.✅ There are a lot of problems.❌ There are a series of events.✅ There is a series of events.❌ There is a pair of shoes under the bed.❌ The majority of people are here.✅ There is the majority of people.Запомни: Глагол согласуется не с of-фразой,
а с главным существительным!
❌ There is nobody in the room, aren't there?✅ There is nobody in the room, is there?❌ There is something wrong, isn't it?✅ There is something wrong, isn't there?❌ There are everyone here?✅ Is everyone here?❌ There has anyone called?✅ Has anyone called?Запомни: С everybody, everyone, nobody
используем Is everyone...? а не There are...
There is / are
Есть сейчасThere is a problem.There are issues.
There was / were
Было раньшеThere was a storm.There were clouds.
There will be
Будет потомThere will be snow.There won't be time.
There has/have been
Уже было/произошлоThere has been an accident.There have been changes.
1. Глагол согласуется с первым предметом в списке
2. There has been для единственного и неисчисляемого
3. There have been для множественного числа
4. There was/were для прошлых событий
5. There will be для будущих событий
6. A lot of может быть с is и are (зависит от существительного)
7. People, police — всегда множественное число
8. Собирательные существительные (family, team) могут быть и с is, и с are
9. There is no point in... — устойчивое выражение
10. В придаточных предложениях используем who/which/that